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本文基于中国的微观调查数据研究发现,个人年收入与幸福感呈“倒U型”关系,获得户籍迁移者与城市原居民的“收入-幸福”饱和点为年收入5.47万元,未获得户籍者的这一数值高达37万元,从年收入层面来看多数居民的“幸福拐点”尚未到来。进一步运用平均处理效应估计方法,考察迁移行为和户籍身份对城市移民幸福感的影响。线性假定的模型发现,考察迁移对个人幸福感的影响时需要考虑个体异质性,估计结果则表明获取户籍迁移并未降低迁移者的幸福感,未获取户籍迁移则降低了迁移者的幸福感。非线性假定模型的估计结果表明,未获取户籍迁移者的幸福感显著低于获取户籍迁移者。可见,未获取户籍迁移者幸福感更低,并不能被迁移行为本身所解释,而是缺失所在城市户籍身份导致迁移者的幸福感“流失”。
Based on the micro-survey data in China, we found that the relationship between personal income and happiness is “inverted U-shaped”, and the “income-happiness” saturation point between household migrants and urban residents is 5.47 million yuan , This figure is not as high as 370,000 yuan for those who have not obtained any household registration. From the perspective of annual income, the majority of residents have not yet reached the “turning point of happiness”. Further use of the average treatment effect estimation method to examine the impact of migration and household registration on urban immigrants happiness. The linear hypothetical model found that individual heterogeneity needs to be considered when examining the impact of migration on individual well-being. Estimates indicate that the acquisition of household registration does not reduce the happiness of migrants, and the lack of household registration reduces the happiness of migrants . The estimation results of the non-linear hypothetical model show that the happiness of those who do not get the hukou transfer is significantly lower than that of the hukou transfer. It can be seen that those who have not acquired the household register are less well-being and can not be explained by the migration itself, but rather they lack the happiness of the migrant in their city.