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对海南省胡椒优势区胡椒园土壤分0～20 cm和20～40 cm两层取样,用以研究海南胡椒种植区土壤pH值与养分含量之间的关系。结果表明,海南胡椒优势区土壤pH值在3.76～5.26之间,极强酸土壤占样品总数的54%,强酸土壤占样品总数的46%;约98%胡椒园土壤有机质含量在较低含量区间;碱解氮含量有85%在适宜值范围内;有效磷含量有54%低于适宜值范围;约54%胡椒园缺乏速效钾;交换性钙、镁含量均低于适宜值范围。线性相关性分析结果表明,土壤pH值与速效钾、交换性钙、镁含量有显著正相关关系,与有机质、碱解氮、有效磷含量相关性不显著;岭回归分析结果表明,土壤pH值与养分因子的相关性由强到弱为:速效钾>交换性钙>有机质>交换性镁>碱解氮>有效磷。因此,应该适当增施草木灰、石灰和有机肥,以提高胡椒园土壤pH值和培肥土壤。
The soil of pepper garden in the pepper-dominant area of Hainan Province was divided into two layers, 0 ~ 20 cm and 20 ~ 40 cm, to study the relationship between soil pH value and nutrient content in Hainan pepper growing area. The results showed that the pH values of soils in Hainan pepper-dominated area ranged from 3.76 to 5.26, with very strong acid soil accounting for 54% of the total samples and strong acid soils accounting for 46% of the total samples. Soil organic matter in about 98% ; 85% of the content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is in the suitable range; 54% of the effective phosphorus content is below the suitable value range; about 54% of the pepper plantation lacks the available potassium; and the exchangeable calcium and magnesium contents are lower than the suitable value range. The results of linear correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between soil pH value and available potassium, exchangeable calcium and magnesium content, and no significant correlation with soil organic matter, available nitrogen and available phosphorus. Ridge regression analysis showed that soil pH value Correlation with nutrient factors from strong to weak as: potassium> exchangeable calcium> organic matter> exchangeable magnesium> alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen> available phosphorus. Therefore, ash, lime and organic fertilizer should be properly applied to improve the pH value of the pepper garden soil and fertilize the soil.