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变质岩英文一词来源于希腊文,其意是“形态的变化”。不管是火成岩还是沉积岩,由于所处的地质环境的改变及物理化学条件发生了变化,使原有岩石的矿物成分和结构构造发生改造,由此形成的新岩石称为变质岩。由火成岩变质形成的岩石称正变质岩;由沉积岩变质形成的岩石则称副变质岩。引起变质作用的因素有温度、压力和具有化学活动性的流体。变质作用类型有接触变质、碎裂变质、气液变质、区域变质、混合岩化作用及其他类型的变质作用等。在野外,如果你在岩石中发现有红柱石、蓝晶石、硅线石、十字石、阳起石、透闪石、堇青石、滑石、叶腊石、蛇纹石、硬绿泥石、方柱石、硅灰石、符山石等矿物的任何一种,则这种岩石说明已经变质,应归为变质岩,因为这些矿物都是比较典型的变质矿物。
The word metamorphic rock is derived from the Greek, meaning “change of shape.” Whether it is igneous or sedimentary rocks, the original rocks are called metamorphic rocks due to the alteration of the geological environment and the change of the physical and chemical conditions in the original rock, and the alteration of the mineral composition and structural structure of the original rocks. The rocks formed by igneous metamorphism are metamorphic rocks; the rocks formed by metamorphic sedimentary rocks are called accessory metamorphic rocks. Factors that cause deterioration include temperature, pressure, and chemically active fluids. Metamorphic types are contact metamorphism, metamorphism, gas and liquid metamorphism, regional metamorphism, mixed rock formation and other types of metamorphism. In the wild, if you find in the rocks with andalusite, kyanite, sillimanite, cross stone, actinolite, tremolite, cordierite, talc, pyrophyllite, serpentine, chlorite, , Wollastonite, fursanite and other minerals, this rock shows that it has been altered and should be classified as metamorphic rocks, because these minerals are all typical metamorphic minerals.