一、问题的起因当前,世界个别大型国际枢纽港已开始码头无人化操作即港口自动化装卸和管理的具体实践和研究,总的来看,这些港口无一例外都是吞吐量相当大、国际中转比较多的港口。当然,人口少、薪酬高、夜间作业受限制、环境影响突出等问题也是港口引进自动化的主要动因。但是, First, the cause of the problem At present, the world’s individual large-scale international hub port has begun unmanned terminal operation that port automation handling and management of the concrete practice and research, in general, these ports are quite large throughput, International Transit more ports. Of course, such problems as small population, high pay, restricted operation at night and prominent environmental impact are also the main motivations for port automation. but,