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“究天人之际”与“通古今之变”是汉代历史理论的两大重要问题,前者是讲变动原因,后者说的是变化法则。关于社会历史变动因素,两汉史学家与思想家努力从多角度、多层次进行思考,既有具体的历史记述,又有抽象的历史阐释;既考察社会历史变动之因,又探索个人命运的复杂变化因素;在争辩的天人关系思想下,更突出人在历史变动中的主体地位与重要作用,充分体现天地人参合的理论特色。这些认识推动了中国古代历史理论的发展,进一步丰富了两汉史学。
The Study of the Relationship between Heaven and Man and the Change of Ancient and Modern are two important issues in the history theory of the Han Dynasty. The former is about the reasons for change, while the latter refers to the law of change. On the factors of social and historical changes, the Han historians and thinkers tried their best to think from multiple perspectives and at different levels, with specific historical narratives and abstract historical explanations. They not only examined the causes of changes in social history but also explored the complex changes in the fate of individuals Under the controversial thought of the relationship between man and nature, the author also highlights the dominant position and important role of human beings in historical changes and fully reflects the theoretical characteristics of the ginseng in heaven and earth. These understandings have promoted the development of ancient Chinese history theory and further enriched the history of Han Dynasty.