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提出了钒铅锌矿碱性还原熔炼分离提取V、Pb、Zn等有价金属的新工艺。通过碱性还原熔炼,钒铅锌精矿中的PbO被还原成粗Pb沉积到底部,ZnO被还原为金属Zn,高温下挥发进入烟尘中并最终以ZnO的形式被收集,V转变为可溶性的钒酸盐进入熔炼渣,并通过后续的浸出工序进入水溶液。研究了影响熔炼和浸出过程的主要因素。按钒铅锌精矿质量添加10%碳粉和35%Na_2CO_3并在1 250℃下熔炼30min,得到纯度达97%以上的粗Pb,Pb回收率达98.6%,而Zn挥发率达78.9%。含V熔炼渣在浸出温度95℃、液固比2∶1的条件下浸出90min后,V浸出率达97.8%。
A new process for the separation and extraction of V, Pb, Zn and other valuable metals from vanadium lead-zinc ore by alkaline reduction smelting was proposed. Through alkaline reduction smelting, PbO in vanadium lead-zinc concentrate is reduced to crude Pb deposit to the bottom, ZnO is reduced to metal Zn, volatilized into soot at high temperature and finally collected in the form of ZnO, V is transformed into soluble Vanadate enters the molten slag and enters the aqueous solution through a subsequent leaching process. The main factors affecting the melting and leaching process were studied. According to the mass of vanadium lead-zinc concentrate, 10% of carbon powder and 35% of Na_2CO_3 were added and melted at 1 250 ℃ for 30min. The crude Pb with the purity of over 97% was obtained. The recovery rate of Pb was 98.6% while that of Zn was 78.9%. V leaching rate reaches 97.8% after the leaching temperature of 95 ℃ and liquid-solid ratio of 2:1 are leached for 90 minutes.