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目的分析2001-2014年韶关市疟疾疫情监测情况,评价疟疾防控效果,为制定符合实际的消除疟疾措施提供科学依据。方法 2001-2014年韶关市各级医疗机构建立“四热”病人镜检监测点,开展发热病人镜检和主动病例侦查等监测。采用流行病学方法,对全市疟疾发病情况、疟疾病例的分类等进行描述和统计分析。结果 2001-2014年韶关市共监测检查“四热”病人91 381例,发现疟疾病例22例,平均阳性率为0.02%,其中输入性病例占90.91%(20/22),本地感染病例仅占9.09%(2/22)。本地感染病例均为间日疟,输入性病例中有16例间日疟、2例恶性疟及2例卵形疟。2006年后未再发现本地感染病例。所有病例均未出现二代病例。2011-2014年在7个县(市、区)开展主动病例侦查2 611人次,未发现疟原虫阳性者。结论韶关市疟疾防控工作已取得显著成效,但仍有输入性病例,今后应加强疟疾病例诊治及疫情处置能力的建设、完善监测系统、开展有效监测,以达到消除疟疾的目标。
Objective To analyze the monitoring status of malaria in Shaoguan City from 2001 to 2014, evaluate the effect of malaria control and provide a scientific basis for formulating a practical malaria elimination measure. Methods From 2001 to 2014, Shaoguan City medical institutions at all levels established a “four hot” patient microscopy monitoring points, carry out surveillance of fever patients and active case detection. Using epidemiological methods, the city’s incidence of malaria, malaria cases were described and statistical analysis. Results A total of 91 381 patients were examined and screened in Shaoguan City during 2001-2014. Totally 22 malaria cases were found, the average positive rate was 0.02%. Among them, 90.91% (20/22) were imported cases and 20 were local cases Only accounted for 9.09% (2/22). Local infections were caused by Plasmodium vivax, 16 cases of imported malaria, 2 cases of falciparum malaria and 2 cases of oval malaria. No local cases of infection were detected after 2006. All cases did not appear in the second generation cases. In 2011-2014, 2 611 active cases were detected in 7 counties (cities and districts), and no positive cases of Plasmodium were found. Conclusion The prevention and control of malaria in Shaoguan City have achieved remarkable results, but there are still cases of imported malaria. In the future, the construction of diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases and the handling of epidemic situation should be strengthened. The monitoring system should be improved and effective monitoring should be carried out to achieve the goal of eliminating malaria.