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1932年L·鲍林提出电负性的概念:电负性是原子在分子中吸引电子的能力。他并且根据热力学数据和分子键能进行分析比较,指定氟的电负性为4.0作为标准,求出各种元素的相对电负性值(表1)。电负性在化学上用途极广,例如,判断元素的金属性和非金属性;确定键型、键的特性以及键能的约值;判断物质的化学性质以及反应的历程等。但是不熟悉各元素的电负性数值,在使用中会感到不便。为此,这里提出一种易记易用的推算电负性值的方法。
1932 L Pauling proposed the concept of electronegativity: electronegativity is the ability of atoms to attract electrons in a molecule. He also based on thermodynamic data and molecular bond energy analysis and comparison, designated as the electronegativity of fluorine as a standard 4.0, find the relative electronegativity of various elements (Table 1). Electronegativity in a wide range of chemical uses, for example, to determine the elements of the metal and non-metallic; to determine the bond type, bond properties and bond energy about; to determine the chemical properties of the reaction and the reaction process. However, you are not familiar with the electronegativity value of each element and may feel inconvenience when using it. To this end, here proposed a easy to remember and easy to use method of calculating the value of the electronegativity.