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据阿.钱德勒《管理资本主义的出现》中列举的材料,上世纪西方科技发展对价格带来的影响是很大的。例如美国钢铁大王安.卡内基采用酸性转炉法以后,命名制造钢轨的费用从19世纪70年代初每吨接近100美元降到19世纪末的12美元; 19世纪80年代初,美国标准石油公司加强了炼油能力,使其生产每加仑煤油的平均费用从1882年的1.5美分降到1884年的0.4美分,1885年又进一步降到0.45美分; 由于使用了卷烟机,美国和英国制造香烟的费用在不到十年内从每1000支接近1美元降到只有6美分; 德国的蓝染色茜素每公斤生产费用从19世纪70年代的200马克降到1886年的9马克;
According to A. Chandler’s “Managing the Emergence of Capitalism”, the impact of the development of science and technology in the West on prices in the last century was significant. For example, after the U.S. steel giant Ann Carnegie adopted the sour converter method, the cost of naming the rails was reduced from nearly $ 100 a tonne to about $ 12 a tonne by the early 1970s; in the early 1980s, Amex The refining capacity reduced its average cost per gallon of kerosene production from 1.5 cents in 1882 to 0.4 cents in 1884 and dropped further to 0.45 cents in 1885. As cigarettes were used, cigarettes were manufactured in the United States and the United Kingdom In less than a decade fell from nearly $ 1 per 1000 to only 6 cents; the cost per kilogram of blue-stained alizarin in Germany dropped from 200 marks in the 1870s to 9 marks in 1886;