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目的通过了解孝感市流行性感冒(流感)流行特征,探索流行规律,为科学防控提供依据。方法对2012—2013年孝感市流感样病例(ILI)进行病例监测、病原学监测及聚集性疫情监测,并对监测结果进行分析。结果孝感市2012—2013年共报告ILI 8 390例,占哨点医院报告门急诊病例的5.18%;共分离到流感病毒82株,病毒分离率6.63%,其中H1N1型43株,乙型B(Victoria)株21株,H3N2型17株,乙型B(Yamagata)株1株;2012年以乙型和H3N2型为主,2013年度以H1N1型和H3N2型为主。在夏季和冬季呈2个流行峰,共报告流感聚集性疫情6起,均发生在中小学校。结论该市在流感发病高峰季节应重点做好学校、幼托机构聚集性疫情防控,在非流行季节对聚集性疫情应加强非流感病原学检测工作。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of influenza (influenza) in Xiaogan, explore the epidemic rules, and provide the basis for scientific prevention and control. Methods The surveillance of influenza-like illness (ILI) in 2012-2013 in Xiaogan City was carried out. The etiological surveillance and epidemic situation were monitored. The monitoring results were also analyzed. Results A total of 390 ILI cases were reported from 2012 to 2013 in Xiaogan City, accounting for 5.18% of the reported cases in outpatient and emergency department of sentinel hospitals. A total of 82 strains of influenza viruses were isolated, with a virus isolation rate of 6.63%. Among them, 43 H1N1 strains, 21 strains of Victoria, 17 strains of H3N2 and 1 strain of Yamagata. In 2012, they belonged to type B and H3N2, and H1N1 and H3N2 were the major types in 2013. There were 2 epidemic peaks in summer and winter and a total of 6 flu-aggregated outbreaks were reported, both in primary and secondary schools. Conclusion The city should focus on the prevention and control of epidemic situation in schools and kindergartens during the peak season of influenza outbreak and strengthen the non-influenza pathogen detection in the epidemic season in the non-epidemic season.