论文部分内容阅读
目的分析泰州市2012-2014年流感的流行特征,为今后的流感防制工作提供科学依据。方法收集泰州市2012-2014年流感样病例(ILI)监测信息,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2012-2014年泰州市共报告ILI病例40 154例,占门急诊病例就诊总数的比例(ILI%)为5.84%。流行高峰出现在冬季的12~1月份和夏季的6~8月份,14岁以下人群为主要发病人群;3年发病水平呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=2979.56,P<0.05)。检出流感病毒核酸阳性475份,阳性率10.61%;毒株类型交替出现;三年阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=137.97,P<0.05)。三年所鉴别毒株分型构成差异有统计学意义(χ2=94.40,P<0.05)。各年龄组阳性率差异有统计学意义(Fisher确切概率值=22.69,P<0.05);7例ILI暴发疫情5例为A(H3N2)引起,1例B型引起;报告的主要场所为中小学,占疫情总数的71.43%。结论泰州市流感监测数据质量提高,疫情呈上升趋势。应重点保护14岁以下人群,并加强学校等人群聚集场所监测和管理;流感监测试剂应统一、少更换。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Taizhou City from 2012 to 2014 and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and control of influenza. Methods The surveillance information of influenza-like illness cases (ILI) from 2012 to 2014 in Taizhou City was collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 40 154 ILI cases were reported in Taizhou from 2012 to 2014, accounting for 5.84% of the total number of outpatient and emergency department visits (ILI%). The epidemic peak appeared in winter months from January to January and in summer from June to August. The population under 14 years old was the main disease group; the incidence of 3 years increased (χ2 = 2979.56, P <0.05). The positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid was 475, the positive rate was 10.61%. The type of virus was alternated. The positive rate of three years was statistically significant (χ2 = 137.97, P <0.05). Three-year classification of strains identified differences were statistically significant (χ2 = 94.40, P <0.05). The positive rate of each age group was statistically significant (Fisher exact probability = 22.69, P <0.05); 7 outbreaks of ILI outbreak in 5 cases were caused by A (H3N2), 1 case of type B; the main reporting sites for primary and secondary schools , Accounting for 71.43% of the total number of outbreaks. Conclusion The quality of influenza surveillance data in Taizhou City increased and the epidemic situation showed an upward trend. Should focus on protection of people under the age of 14, and to strengthen the crowd gathering places such as schools monitoring and management; influenza monitoring reagents should be unified, less replacement.