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利用Z扫描测量技术研究了飞秒和皮秒激光脉冲激发下液体硝基苯的三阶非线性折射率n2.Z扫描实验的结果表明:液体硝基苯在20 ps、532 nm波长激发下的非线性折射率n2是300 fs,800 nm波长激发下的n2值的11倍.利用带相位物体的飞秒泵浦探测方法研究了液体硝基苯的非线性折射动力学机理.基于泵浦探测实验结果确定了液体硝基苯在超快激光激发后的非线性折射响应函数.测量结果可为基于硝基苯液体的集成光子学器件设计和溶液非线性测量提供有益参考“,”The third-order nonlinear refractive index n2 of nitrobenzene liquid was studied using Z-scan technique under femtosecond and picosecond laser pulses. The Z-scan results demonstrate that the n2 value under 20 ps, 532 nm laser pulse excitation is 11 times larger than that under 300 fs, 800 nm excitation. The mechanism of nonlinear refraction dynamics of nitrobenzene was investigated using pump-probe with phase object technique under femtosecond pulses excitation. The nonlinear response function of nitrobenzene under ultrafast laser excitation was determined from the pump-probe experimental results. The target of the present work is to provide a reference for future work of integrated photonic device and nonlinear optical measurement based on solvent nitrobenzene.