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以十二胺、环氧氯丙烷、十二叔胺等为原料,无水乙醇为溶剂合成了季铵盐型Gemini表面活性剂,应用红外光谱表征其结构,并测定其熔程。考察了产物水溶液的表面活性,并计算出产品的饱和吸附量(Гmax)和单分子饱和吸附面积(Amin)。实验结果表明Gemini表面活性剂CMC为0.8mmol/L、γcmc为35.7mN/m、Amin为2.04nm2,有较高的表面活性,与具有相同单尾基链的传统表面活性剂十二烷基三甲基氯化铵(DTAC)和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)相比,其表面张力相当,但CMC分别比DTAC、SDS低约15、11倍,Amin分别比DTAC、SDS高约4倍。
The quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactant was synthesized from dodecylamine, epichlorohydrin and dodecyl amine with anhydrous ethanol as solvent. Its structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and its melting range was measured. The surface activity of the product aqueous solution was investigated, and the saturated adsorption capacity (Г max) and single molecule saturated adsorption area (Amin) of the product were calculated. The experimental results show that the CMC of Gemini surfactant is 0.8mmol / L, γcmc is 35.7mN / m, Amin is 2.04nm2, and has higher surface activity. Compared with the conventional surfactant dodecyltris The surface tension was comparable to that of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), but the CMC was about 15 and 11 times lower than that of DTAC and SDS, respectively, and the Amin was about 4 times higher than that of DTAC and SDS, respectively .