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目的了解云南省某市孕产妇人群中艾滋病病毒(HIV)的感染情况,分析该地区孕产妇HIV流行的危险因素,为采取有效干预措施提供依据。方法应用单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析,对社区和门诊的孕产妇调查结果进行了分析。事先培训的调查员收集孕产妇的一般人口学和行为学信息,并采集血液标本检测HIV抗体。结果共调查1 978名孕产妇,HIV感染率为1.9%(37/1 978),本地感染率1.4%(19/1 375),外省籍6.3%(2/32);缅甸籍8.3%(9/109)。多变量Logistic回归分析显示,孕产妇的丈夫吸毒(OR=11.622,95%CI:3.336~40.494)、缅甸籍(OR=6.143,95%,CI:2.729~13.827)、外省籍(OR=4.981,CI=1.110~22.357)与孕产妇感染HIV有统计学意义。结论该市孕产妇HIV感染率已超过1%,HIV已由高流行的吸毒人群传播到一般人群,并达到高流行水平。丈夫吸毒、缅甸籍、外省籍成为孕产妇感染HIV的相关危险因素。加强孕产妇咨询检测,及时开展阳性孕产妇母婴阻断,减少HIV母婴传播,采取综合有效干预措施包括宣传教育、推广美沙酮治疗、针具交换、使用安全套等刻不容缓。
Objective To understand the prevalence of HIV among pregnant women in a certain city in Yunnan Province and to analyze the risk factors of HIV prevalence among pregnant women in the area in order to provide evidence for effective interventions. Methods Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted on the results of the survey of pregnant women in community and outpatient department. Pre-trained investigators collected general demographic and behavioral information on pregnant women and collected blood samples to test HIV antibodies. Results A total of 1 978 pregnant women were surveyed. The HIV infection rate was 1.9% (37/1 978), the local infection rate was 1.4% (19/1 375), while the other provinces were 6.3% (2/32) / 109). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal husbands took drugs (OR = 11.622, 95% CI: 3.336-40.494), Burmese (OR = 6.143, 95% CI: 2.729-13.827) CI = 1.110 ~ 22.357) and pregnant women infected with HIV was statistically significant. Conclusion The prevalence of HIV among pregnant women in the city has exceeded 1%. HIV has spread from the high prevalence of drug users to the general population and reaches a high prevalence level. Husband drug abuse, Burmese, and other provinces become pregnant women infected with HIV-related risk factors. Strengthening maternal counseling and testing, timely maternal and her mother-child block, reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, adopting comprehensive and effective interventions including publicity and education, promoting methadone treatment, exchange of needles, and condom use are all urgent tasks.