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目的了解北京市西城区0~14岁社区儿童哮喘患病率及其哮喘相关症状的临床分布特点,为进一步研究城市社区儿童哮喘预防与控制适宜技术提供依据。方法于2009年1-6月采取分层整群抽样方法,对北京市西城区所属的德胜社区和西长安街社区共3 886名0~14岁儿童进行问卷调查。结果北京市西城社区0~14岁儿童中,112例儿童曾经被医生诊断为哮喘,患病率为2.88%,>5%的儿童表现有运动和/或夜间喘息咳嗽症状,>4%的儿童近1年内至少患6次呼吸道感染,曾诊断鼻炎和湿疹的儿童分别为11%和21%。结论北京城市儿童哮喘患病率在近20年间呈现增加趋势,托幼儿童是哮喘新发病例的主要人群,近1年内现患哮喘相关症状的城市社区儿童可能高于经临床就诊和诊断的儿童。
Objective To understand the prevalence of asthma in children aged 0-14 in Xicheng District of Beijing and its clinical characteristics of asthma-related symptoms, and to provide basis for further study of appropriate prevention and control of asthma in urban community children. Methods From January to June 2009, a stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey 3,886 children aged 0-14 years in Desheng Community and Xichang’an Community in Xicheng District, Beijing. Results Of the children aged 0-14 in Xicheng Community of Beijing, 112 children were diagnosed as asthma by doctors and the prevalence rate was 2.88%. Children with> 5% showed wheezing and coughing during exercise and / or night, and more than 4% of children At least 6 respiratory infections in the past year, children with rhinitis and eczema diagnosed at 11% and 21%, respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of asthma in children in Beijing shows an increasing trend in recent 20 years. Children in kindergartens and nurseries are the major population of new-onset asthma. Children in urban areas who are suffering from asthma-related symptoms in recent 1 years may be higher than those in clinics and diagnoses .