清末,湖北两湖书院的创办及改制,是中国近代教育史上的重要事件。在这一过程中,洋务派大官僚张之洞所起的作用是令人瞩目的。本文试图对此作一粗浅的探讨。一、张之洞(1837——1909年)从1889年起,任湖广总督,督鄂长达十七年之久。任湖广总督伊始,即在武汉设立了两湖书院。经悉心经营,该书院声名卓著,与张之洞在两广任内设立的广雅书院并称为清末的两所著名的新式书院。张之洞设立两湖书院的原因,具体可归结以下几个方面:(一)、湖北社会政治、经济、文化的发展,必须以人才的培养为基础,湖北地处长江上 In the late Qing Dynasty, the establishment and reform of the Hunan Hubei and Hubei Academy of Classical Learning was an important event in the history of modern Chinese education. During this process, Zhang Zhidong, a large bureaucrat in the Westernization Bureau, played an important role. This article attempts to make a shallow discussion. First, Zhang Zhidong (1837 - 1909) From 1889 onwards, the Governor of Huguang, Governor E as long as 17 years. At the beginning of Huguang Governor, that is, established in Hunan Lake College. After careful management, the college is well known for its reputation with Guangzhi College established by Zhang Zhidong in Guangdong and Guangxi and known as the two famous new academies in the late Qing Dynasty. The reason why Zhang Zhidong set up Lianghu College can be summarized as follows: (1) The political, economic and cultural development of Hubei must be based on the cultivation of qualified personnel. Hubei is located on the Yangtze River