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以5年生兔眼蓝莓品种“杰兔”为试材,研究了温度对花粉活力和柱头可授性的影响,在此基础上开展了花粉活力和柱头可授性与温度的回归分析,以期阐明温度对蓝莓授粉的影响,明确蓝莓花粉活力和柱头可授性的最适温度,为蓝莓生产栽培花期管理,人工辅助授粉天气选择及温度抗性育种积累科学依据。结果表明:温度对“杰兔”的花粉活力和柱头可授性有显著影响,当温度显著降低或升高时花粉活力和柱头可授性均显著下降,当日均温为2.4℃时花粉活力仅为14.0%,同时柱头不具可授性,当最高温为32.3℃时花粉活力亦仅为41.0%,同时仅30.0%的柱头具强可授性。回归分析结果表明,“杰兔”花粉活力最高的适宜温度为21.5℃,柱头可授性最强的适宜温度为18.2℃。
The effects of temperature on pollen viability and stigma receptivity were studied with 5-year-old rabbit-eye blueberry cultivars “Jie-Rabo”. On the basis of this, regression analysis of pollen viability and stigma receptivity and temperature were carried out. In order to clarify the influence of temperature on the pollination of blueberry, determine the optimum temperature of blueberry pollen viability and stigma receptivity, and provide scientific basis for blueberry production flowering management, artificial pollination weather selection and temperature resistant breeding. The results showed that temperature had a significant effect on pollen viability and stigma receptivity, but the pollen viability and stigma receptivity decreased significantly when the temperature was significantly decreased or increased. When the average daily temperature was 2.4 ℃, pollen The viability was only 14.0%. At the same time, the stigma was not receptive. At the highest temperature of 32.3 ℃, the pollen viability was only 41.0%, while only 30.0% stigma was strongly tolerant. Regression analysis showed that the optimum temperature for highest pollination activity was 21.5 ℃ and the highest stigma receptivity was 18.2 ℃.