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采用野外实地取样和室内测试分析的方法,研究了养殖污水灌溉对不同层次土壤养分状况与铜、锌、砷等重金属含量的影响,为畜禽养殖污水农田科学安全利用提供一定的技术依据。结果表明,长期养殖污水灌溉可明显增加表层土壤(0~20 cm)碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和全铜含量,但对土壤全氮、p H和有机质以及土壤全锌、全砷含量影响不明显。对土壤垂直剖面样品的分析结果表明,长期养殖污水灌溉对20~60 cm土层碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、全铜和全砷含量有一定的影响,对土壤全锌的含量及其垂直迁移的影响不显著。因此,养殖污水灌溉能导致土壤不同层次尤其是表层土壤有效养分的累积,为作物的生长发育带来养分,但同时也因引入的重金属引发一定的重金属累积及迁移的风险。
The field soil sampling and laboratory test were used to study the effect of sewerage irrigation on the soil nutrient status and the contents of heavy metals such as copper, zinc and arsenic at different levels so as to provide some technical basis for scientific and safe utilization of livestock and poultry farm wastewater. The results showed that long-term culture wastewater irrigation could significantly increase the content of available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and total copper in topsoil (0-20 cm), but had no significant effect on soil total nitrogen, p H and organic matter and soil total zinc and total arsenic The effect is not obvious. The results of soil vertical profile analysis showed that the long-term sewage irrigation had a certain effect on the contents of alkaline zinc, available phosphorus, available potassium, total copper and total arsenic in 20 ~ 60 cm soil layer, The effect of vertical migration is insignificant. Therefore, the irrigation of aquaculture wastewater can lead to the accumulation of effective nutrients in different soil layers, especially the topsoil, which brings nutrients to crop growth and development, but also brings about some risks of heavy metal accumulation and migration due to the introduction of heavy metals.