一、进行教育体制改革的必要性和紧迫性(一)振兴经济、实现四化的迫切需要。我们党向全国和全世界人民宣布了两个战略奋斗目标:一个是到本世纪末,工农业总产值翻两番,一个是到建国一百周年,经济上接近世界发达国家水平。实现两个目标,大体上要解决三方面的战略问题。第一是经济问题,所以中央作出经济体制改革的决定。决定的核心是由过去封闭的、僵化的经济模式,转为开放的、具有竞争活力的、效益很高的社会主义的有计划的商品经济。商品经济在历史上分成三个阶段。一是小 I. The Necessity and Urgency of Carrying Out the Educational System Reform (I) The urgent need of rejuvenating the economy and realizing the four modernizations. Our party has announced two strategic goals for the entire nation and people all over the world. One is that by the end of this century, the total output value of industry and agriculture will quadruple its output. One will reach the 100th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China and be economically close to the level of the developed countries in the world. To achieve the two goals, we should basically tackle the strategic issues in three areas. The first is economic issues, so the central government made the decision to reform the economic structure. The core of the decision is to move from a closed and rigid economic model in the past to an open and competitive socialist economy with a high efficiency and a planned commodity economy. The commodity economy has historically been divided into three stages. One is small