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财产的有形与无形之分,不是缘于权利的本身,而是由于权利所指向的客体的性质不同而产生的。专利是一种抽象物,是一种无体财产权,存在于人类的思想中。为了表达专利的存在范围,我们通常诉诸文字媒介作为呈现方式。由于语言文字含义的不确定性,造成了专利权保护范围一定程度上的模糊,同时在实践中我们也没有找到一个有效的规则指导提炼技术特征的过程,因此一件专利的权利范围无法完全避免不确定性。等同原则在司法实践中产生,并已经成为专利侵权判断中的一个重要原则。是适用整体等同理论还是全部技术特征原则,抑或是两者综合判定等同侵权,在提炼适用等同理论的各种要素的过程中,理论上的探索和总结具有同等的重要性。
The tangible and intangible property is not due to the right itself, but due to the different nature of the object to which the right is directed. Patent is an abstraction, a kind of intangible property rights, which exists in human thought. In order to express the scope of the patent, we often resort to the text medium as a presentation. Due to the uncertainty of language meaning, the scope of the protection of patent rights is somewhat blurred. At the same time, in practice, we have not found an effective rule to guide the process of refining technical features. Therefore, the scope of the rights of a patent can not be completely avoided Uncertainty. The principle of equivalence arises in judicial practice and has become an important principle in judging patent infringement. Whether it applies the principle of whole equivalence or all the features of technology or whether the two are equal in infringement. In the course of refining the various elements of equivalence theory, theoretical exploration and conclusion are of equal importance.