硫化氢(H2S)是具有生物学效应的气体小分子,它在免疫系统中亦发挥着重要的调节功能。H2S可通过影响IL-2(Interleukin-2)的合成抑制淋巴细胞增殖;可通过激活ERK激酶(extracellular regulated pro-tein kinases)或者KATP通道(ATP-sensitive potassium channel),促进单核巨噬细胞及中性粒细胞分泌促炎因子,导致组织损伤,诱导诸如溃疡性结肠炎、胃炎、急性胰腺炎、急性肺损伤及毒血症等多种炎症性疾病。相反,H2S还可诱导多种抑炎因子,发挥抑制炎症的作用。鉴于H2S在免疫与炎症中发挥的生理和病理效应,该文对H2S在炎症与免疫调节中的研究进展进行综述。 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gas-sensitive small molecule that also plays an important regulatory role in the immune system. H2S can inhibit the proliferation of lymphocytes by affecting the synthesis of IL-2 (Interleukin-2), promote the activation of monocyte-macrophage by activating extracellular regulated pro-tein kinases or KATP channel Neutrophils secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in tissue damage, inducing a variety of inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis, gastritis, acute pancreatitis, acute lung injury and sepsis. In contrast, H2S can induce a variety of anti-inflammatory cytokines, play a role in inhibiting inflammation. In view of the physiological and pathological effects of H2S in the immune and inflammation, the article reviews the research progress of H2S in inflammation and immune regulation.