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为研究两系杂交旱稻优质育种中最佳的亲本选配。以两系不育系‘绿102S’、‘绿旱1S’为母本,耐旱中籼稻鉴定材料‘13NJ103’、‘13NJ108’、‘13NJ113’和‘13NJ114’为父本,采用不完全双列设计研究8个杂交旱稻组合的长宽比、垩白度、垩白粒率、直链淀粉、糊化温度、胶稠度6个主要米质性状的差异性、配合力和遗传力。结果表明,以长宽比为评判标准,母本‘绿旱1S’的米质达到1级标准,‘绿102S’达到2级标准,父本均为2级标准,杂交后代除了A1B3外,其他组合均为2级标准;以垩白度和垩白率比为评判标准,亲本只有‘绿旱1S’、‘13NJ103’和‘13NJ114’米质达到2级标准,且它们的杂交后代米质也达到2级标准;以直链淀粉为评判标准,所有亲本米质本均达到2级标准,并且后代A1B3达到1级标准。以相同母本与不同父本进行杂交,得到后代的长宽比绝大多数介于双亲之间,以相同父本‘13NJ108’与不同母本分进行杂交,得到后代的垩白粒率均达到100%,表现出超低亲分离现象,其他米质性状表现规律不一致;各米质性状的配合力方差均达到极显著水平;‘绿旱1S’、‘13NJ113’和‘13NJ114’在改良米质外观品质上具有一定的价值,‘绿102S’、‘13NJ113’和‘13NJ114’在改良米质蒸煮品质上具有一定的价值。遗传力结果表明,长宽比、直链淀粉含量和碱消值受基因型效应影响较大,受环境影响较小,而垩白度、垩白粒率和胶稠度受基因型效应影响较小,受环境影响较大。
In order to study two-line hybrid paddy high quality breeding in the best parent matching. The male sterile lines “Green 102S” and “LvHan 1S” were used as female parents. The parents of drought tolerant indica rice ’13NJ103’, ’13NJ108’, ’13NJ113’ and ’13NJ114 ’ The differences in aspect ratio, chalkiness, chalky grain rate, amylose, gelatinization temperature and gel consistency of 8 hybrid paddy combinations were studied. The results showed that the quality of maize ’Lulian 1S’ reached the first grade standard and the ’green 102S’ reached the second grade standard based on the aspect ratio. The male parents were all of grade 2 standard. The hybrid offspring except A1B3, The combinations were all Grade 2 standard. Only the grades of ’Lvhui 1S’, ’13NJ103’ and ’13NJ114’ reached Grade 2 standard with the chalkiness and chalkiness rate as the criterion, and the quality of their progenies Reached the level 2 standard; with amylose as the criterion, all the parents of the rice reached the level 2 standard, and the offspring A1B3 reached the level 1 standard. The same length and breadth of offspring were crossed between parents with the same female parent and different male parents. The crosses between the parents and ’13NJ108 ’ 100%, showing the phenomenon of ultra-low pro-segregation, and other rice quality traits were inconsistent. The variance of combining ability of each quality trait reached extremely significant level. The results showed that ’Drought drought 1S’, ’13NJ113’ and ’13NJ114’ Appearance quality has a certain value, ’Green 102S’, ’13NJ113’ and ’13NJ114’ in the quality of the modified rice cooking has a certain value. The results of heritability showed that the aspect ratio, amylose content and alkali consumption were more affected by genotype effect and less influenced by environment, while the chalkiness, chalky grain percentage and gel consistency were less affected by genotype effect , Affected by the environment.