论文部分内容阅读
1 纳米硬质合金材料的兴起 纳米结构材料是80年代的重大发现。原因是材料的晶粒尺寸每下降一个数量级,强度将出现一个飞跃。这种控制结构微细化制作出来的材料既不同于长程有序的晶体,也不同于长程无序和短程有序的类气体(gas—like)固体结构。所以研究人员把它称之为“第三固态材料”。构想出这种物质新态的德国科学家是出诸于首先研制出了纳米尺寸的超微粉末,并在80年代初期,由联邦德国萨尔兰大学的Gleiter等人,用气体冷凝法制得了具有清洁表面的超微颗粒(Ultrafine Particale),在超高真空(UHV)和5GPa的压力下制得致密的、性能优良的多晶体。
The Rise of a Nano-Carbide Nanostructured material was a major discovery of the 1980s. The reason is that the grain size of the material is reduced by an order of magnitude, and the intensity will show a leap forward. The miniaturization of this control structure produces a material that is distinct from long-range ordered crystals and from gas-like solid structures with long-range disorder and short-range order. So researchers call it “the third solid state material.” The German scientist who came up with this new state of matter came out with the first development of nano-sized ultrafine powders and in the early 1980’s gas-condensing was done by Gleiter et al. At the University of Saarland in Germany. Surface Ultrafine Particale to produce dense, high-performance polycrystals under UHV and 5 GPa pressure.