It was found about 25 years ago that the retina can detect the position of the plane of best focus,averaged over time,and adjust axial eye growth to achieve and maintain the best match of photoreceptor and focal planes.This occured mainly independently and locally all over the visual field,and was limited by low pass filtering through optical aberrations,eye movements and mechanical and structural constraints.大约25年前研究者们发现视网膜可以感知最佳聚焦面的位置,并且控制眼球的生长速度,使得光感受器细胞层与聚焦面达到最佳匹配,并维持该状态.这一过程能够独立发生于视网膜的不同部分,但是该过程受光学像差、眼球运动、眼球的机械和结构方面的限制.基于已有的动物模型的研究结果,发现大脑能够识别出不同的视网膜离焦信号,学者们认为,视觉引导的正视化是一闭环反馈回路,这可能可以解释儿童屈光不正发生的机制,但是这一假说至今尚未得到证实。