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宋代的理学讨论与宗法重建有密切的关系,而宗法的一个重要方面是宗庙。主要的理学家都曾经讨论过宗法和庙制的问题。张载率先打破了《礼记》中的庙数等差,主张大夫、士均可祭到高祖,程颐甚至主张祭到始祖。朱子的思想则经过了几次变化,他明确指出,大夫、士祭到始祖的做法是悖礼的,而祭及高祖虽为礼经所无,在当时的情况下,却是比较合乎礼意的做法。朱子按照这一思想在《家礼》中规划的祠堂制度,成为宋元明清宗法制度中一直沿用的宗庙制度。
The Neo-Confucianism discussion in the Song Dynasty was closely related to the reconstruction of patriarchal clan system. An important aspect of the patriarchal clan system is the ancestral temple. Major philosophers have discussed the issue of patriarchal and temple system. Zhang Zai first broke the “Book of Rites” in temples and other poor, advocates doctor, disabilities can offer sacrifices to the ancestors, Cheng Yi even advocated sacrifice to the first ancestor. Zhu's thinking went through several changes. He made it clear that the practice of doctor and priest offering to the first ancestor was a disgrace, and that the sacrificial offering and emperor's ancestors were exempt from the Book of Rites. In the circumstances of the time, however, it was more respectable way of doing. The system of ancestral temple planned by Zhu in accordance with this thought in Family Etiquette became the system of the Jiao Temple which has been used in the patriarchal clan system in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.