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背景:随着社会经济的发展,科学的管理成为卫生管理领域的中心。目的:通过对卫生管理的功能的定义,和管理工具的综述,以形成文献观点。方法:有针对性地回顾公共管理文献。结果:一、卫生管理的定义有多个不同类型的术语。一类是以管理的突出优势作为名称(如民主管理),另一类是描述管理统筹中的作用(如分级管理)。二、管理可从组织、盈利、潜在功能和效能成果等多个不同维度进行定义。讨论:解决卫生管理的概念性混淆,需要研究用于定义管理的多个前提与方法的不同,需要把管理的最中心的维度具体化,也需要恰当选择维度。结论:以具体维度定义管理,对于应用卫生管理的可行性和政策制定具有现实意义。
Background: With the social and economic development, scientific management has become the center of health management. OBJECTIVE: To develop a literature perspective through the definition of the function of health management and the review of management tools. Methods: A review of public administration literature. Results: First, the definition of health management has several different types of terms. One category is the prominent name of management (such as democratic management), the other is to describe the role of management co-ordination (such as hierarchical management). Second, management can be defined from a number of different dimensions such as organization, profitability, potential functionality and performance outcomes. Discussion: The conceptual confusion in addressing health management needs to be studied in terms of the different premises and methods used to define management. It is necessary to embody the most central dimension of management and also to select the appropriate dimensions. Conclusion: The definition of management in terms of specific dimensions is of practical significance to the feasibility of application of health management and policy making.