目的:探讨前列腺肉瘤的诊断、治疗方法及其预后。方法:回顾性分析1999年10月～2011年10月收治的4例前列腺肉瘤患者临床资料,并对所有患者进行随访,就其诊治及预后进行研讨。结果:4例患者中,1例为横纹肌肉瘤,3例为平滑肌肉瘤。1例行根治性前列腺膀胱切除术及回肠膀胱术,术后1年未见复发转移;2例行耻骨上膀胱穿刺造瘘及放疗,分别于确诊后6、11个月死于远处转移;1例误诊为尿道狭窄,行尿道会师术,转入上级医院,3个月后死于脑转移。结论:前列腺肉瘤发展快,恶性程度高,预后差。长期存活取决于早期诊断和根治性手术为主的综合治疗。 Objective: To investigate the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of prostatic sarcoma. Methods: The clinical data of 4 patients with prostatic sarcoma admitted from October 1999 to October 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were followed up for their diagnosis and treatment. Results: Of the 4 patients, 1 was rhabdomyosarcoma and 3 was leiomyosarcoma. One case underwent radical prostatectomy and ileal bladder surgery without recurrence and metastasis one year after operation. Two cases underwent suprapubic bladder puncture and radiotherapy and died of distant metastasis 6 and 11 months after diagnosis respectively. One case was misdiagnosed as urethral stricture, the urethra would master surgery, transferred to the higher hospital, died of brain metastasis after 3 months. Conclusion: Prostate sarcoma develops rapidly, with high malignant degree and poor prognosis. Long-term survival depends on early diagnosis and radical surgery-based comprehensive treatment.