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[目的]了解上海市中心城区有5岁以下儿童家庭吸烟者的吸烟知识、信念、行为,为制定控烟干预措施和相关政策提供依据。[方法]采用结构式问卷进行基线数据的收集,对上海市2个社区572例研究对象(吸烟者及其5岁以下儿童各286人)进行入户问卷调查。[结果]吸烟者主要吸烟场所是家中居室,79.60%的父亲吸烟者和82.10%的非父亲吸烟者不在儿童附近吸烟。父亲吸烟者家庭有无吸烟控制规定及其对待家庭吸烟控制规定的态度与儿童二手烟暴露差异有统计学意义。86.80%的父亲吸烟者和86.62%的非父亲吸烟者过去1年内未尝试戒烟。[结论]应该在普及吸烟对儿童危害的知识时着重对父亲吸烟者进行教育;对有或无戒烟意愿的吸烟者采取不同干预方法,促进控烟工作有效地发展。
[Objective] To understand the smoking knowledge, beliefs and behaviors of family smokers in Shanghai city center with children under 5 years old, and to provide basis for formulating tobacco control interventions and related policies. [Methods] The baseline questionnaire was used to collect the baseline data. 572 subjects (286 smokers and their children under 5 years old) of two communities in Shanghai were surveyed by questionnaire. [Results] The main smoking place of smokers was home-living room, 79.60% of fathers smokers and 82.10% of non-fathers smokers did not smoke near children. There was a significant difference between the smoking habits of father smokers and the second-hand smoke exposure in children. 86.80% of fathers of fathers and 86.62% of non-fathers smoked had not tried to quit smoking in the past year. [Conclusions] Fathers’ smokers should be emphatically educated in popularizing their knowledge of harm to children; Different intervention methods should be adopted for smokers with or without the will to quit to promote the effective development of tobacco control.