本文将地质学中的宝玉石鉴定应用到考古学中，将二个学科结合起来，使考古发掘出的珠宝玉石的鉴定不仅仅只停留在宝玉石的名称上，而是引深了一步，笔者从四个方面论述了古珠宝玉石的鉴定在考古研究中的意义：认为对古珠宝玉石的鉴定有利于辅助考证古代文化、经济、商贸交流的情况；有利于评价该时代切磨工艺技术水平，研究宝玉石种类，款式；有利于辅助断其年代；有利于辅助研究古代文化艺术，思想道德，宗教信仰。 In this paper, geology identification of gem in the application of archeology, the two disciplines together, so that the identification of archaeological discoveries of gems and jade jewelry not only just stay in the name of gem, but one step further, the author This paper discusses the significance of the appraisal of ancient jewels and jades in archeology from four aspects: that the appraisal of ancient jewels is helpful to assist the textual research of the ancient cultural, economic and commercial exchanges; it is helpful to evaluate the cutting technology, Research gem jade stone types, styles; help to break its age; help to assist in the study of ancient culture and art, moral, religious beliefs.