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通过文献检索,对576例光气接触反应者及556例急性光气中毒者的临床特点及治疗情况进行汇总。光气吸入后,呼吸系统刺激症状的发生率由高至低依次为胸闷、咳嗽、气急、恶心、头痛、咳痰等,吸入光气量越大,发生肺水肿的潜伏期越短,病情越严重。急性光气中毒可引起心肌的继发性损害,也可能对肝脏有一定的损伤作用。急性光气中毒者在经过正确的治疗后,尚未发现心脏及肝脏有明显的后遗症,数例临床治愈后对肺脏仍有一定的影响。死亡病例大多发生在急性光气中毒后24 h以内,因此中毒后及时正确的救治非常关键。
Through literature search, the clinical features and treatment of 576 phosgene responders and 556 acute phosgene poisoning patients were summarized. Phosgene inhalation, the respiratory tract irritation symptoms from high to low followed by chest tightness, cough, shortness of breath, nausea, headache, sputum, etc., the greater the amount of phosgene intake, the shorter the incubation period for pulmonary edema, the more serious the disease. Acute phosgene poisoning can cause secondary myocardial damage, but also may have some damage to the liver. Acute phosgene poisoning in the correct treatment, the heart and liver have not yet found significant sequelae, the number of cases after clinical cure on the lungs still have a certain impact. Most of the deaths occurred within 24 hours after acute phosgene poisoning, so timely and proper treatment after poisoning is very crucial.