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目的:探讨血清蛋白电泳未检出单克隆条带,而免疫固定电泳可以检测出单克隆条带的多发性骨髓瘤患者的疾病的分型以及其生化指标的变化。方法:应用琼脂糖凝胶电泳方法和免疫沉淀方法对待测标本进行血清蛋白电泳和免疫固定电泳检测;应用全自动生化分析仪进行生化项目检测。结果:(1)实验组的骨髓瘤患者免疫固定电泳分型中,游离λ链显著高于对照组(P=0.04);(2)实验组和对照组与健康对照组相比,α2/1α比值显著升高(P=0.046,P=0.00);(3)实验组血清总蛋白和白蛋白水平显著低于对照组(P=0.00),实验组血清钙离子水平显著高于对照组(P=0.012)。结论:2α/α1比值升高,总蛋白和白蛋白水平可能正常或下降,总血磷升高的怀疑为多发性骨髓瘤的患者,应推荐做免疫固定电泳检测。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the absence of monoclonal bands detected by serum protein electrophoresis, and to identify the types of diseases and their biochemical markers in patients with multiple myeloma by monoclonal immunoblot electrophoresis. Methods: Agarose gel electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation methods were used to detect the samples tested by serum protein electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis. The biochemical analyzer was used to detect biochemical items. Results: (1) The free λ chain was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P = 0.04). (2) Compared with the healthy control group, α2 / 1α (P = 0.046, P = 0.00). (3) The levels of serum total protein and albumin in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P = 0.00). The serum calcium level in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group = 0.012). Conclusion: 2α / α1 ratio increased, total protein and albumin levels may be normal or decreased, elevated serum total phosphorus in patients with suspected multiple myeloma should be recommended for immunostaining electrophoresis.