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[目的]研究黄连白绢病的生物学特性,筛选防治药剂。[方法]以采自重庆市石柱县黄水镇黄连GAP基地的病株为材料,研究不同培养基、pH值、温度、碳源和氮源对黄连白绢病菌丝生长及菌核萌发的影响,选用不同稀释倍液的8种药剂进行室内和田间药剂筛选试验。[结果]黄连白绢病菌的生长和产生菌核的最适培养基为CMA和PDA培养基,最适pH值为7.0。病菌在15～35℃范围内均能生长,30℃为最适温度。菌丝和菌核的致死温度分别是60℃和65℃(处理时间10min)。8种供试碳源中,葡萄糖和甘露醇是最适碳源。7种供试氮源中,氯化铵和硫酸铵是最适碳源。40%氟硅唑1000倍液的防治效果最佳,防效为96.6%。99%恶霉灵3000倍液和70%代森锰锌1000倍液的次之,防效均达93.3%。[结论]氟硅唑、恶霉灵和代森锰锌药剂对黄连白绢病的防治效果好,建议在生产中施用。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the biological characteristics of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and screen out the prevention and cure medicaments. [Method] With the diseased plants collected from the GAP base of Coptis chinensis in Huangshui Town, Shizhu County, Chongqing Municipality as materials, the effects of different media, pH value, temperature, carbon sources and nitrogen sources on mycelium growth and sclerotia of Coptis chinensis were studied. Influence, choose different dilutions of eight agents for indoor and field pharmacy screening test. [Result] The optimum culture medium for the growth of Sclerotinia and the production of sclerotinia were CMA and PDA. The optimal pH value was 7.0. Bacteria can grow in the range of 15 ~ 35 ℃, 30 ℃ for the optimum temperature. Lethal temperatures of mycelium and sclerotia were 60 ° C and 65 ° C, respectively (treatment time 10 min). Of the eight carbon sources tested, glucose and mannitol were the most suitable carbon sources. Of the seven nitrogen sources tested, ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate were the most suitable carbon sources. 40% Flusilazole 1000 times the best control effect, control efficiency was 96.6%. 99% hymexazol 3000 times and 70% mancozeb 1000 times the second, the control effect reached 93.3%. [Conclusion] Flusilazole, hymexazol and mancozeb have good effect on the prevention and treatment of Coptis chinensis. It is suggested that they should be applied in the production.