公证机构在办理公证业务中的审查范围及其所承担的民事责任是决定公证制度的法律地位和作用的核心问题,也是公证理论研究中最有争议的课题。例如拉丁公证人审查的范围和深度远远大于英美公证人,拉丁公证人的民事责任也随着审查范围的扩大而远远重于英美公证人。相应地,拉丁公证人的法律地位、社会影响也因此远远高于英美公证人。即使在实施拉丁公证制度的国家中,也会因为审查的范围不同而导致公证人地位的差异。例如,日本公 It is also the most controversial issue in the study of notarial theory that the notary body’s scope of examination in handling notarized business and the civil liability it assumes are the core issues that determine the legal status and role of the notary system. For example, the scope and depth of the review by Latin notaries are much larger than that of Anglo-American notaries. The civil liability of Latin notaries is also far heavier than the Anglo-American notaries as the scope of the review increases. Correspondingly, the legal status and social influence of Latin notaries are therefore much higher than that of Anglo-American notaries. Even in countries implementing the Latin notary system, differences in the status of notaries result because of the different scope of the review. For example, Japanese public