阿历克赛·托尔斯泰是苏联社会主义现实主义文学的杰出代表,但是在他初登文坛的时候却是一个象征派诗人。从1907年第一部作品《抒情诗集》发表到长篇名作《苦难的历程》和《彼得大帝》问世,他的创作经历过两次重大的转折:第一次从象征主义转变到现实主义,第二次从批判现实主义转变到社会主义现实主义,两次转变相继发生在俄国革命史上两个重大事件——1905年资产阶级民主革命和1917年10月社会主义革命之后。他早年在创作方法上的探索,为他日后攀登艺术高峰开辟了道路。从 Alexis Tolstoy is an outstanding representative of Soviet socialist realism literature, but when he first entered the literary arena, he was a symbolist poet. From his first novel, “The Collection of Lyric Poems”, published in 1907 to his long famous novel, “A Course of Suffering,” and “Peter the Great,” his work has undergone two major changes: the first from symbolism to realism, The second transition from critical realism to socialist realism, the two changes have occurred in two major events in the history of the Russian revolution - the 1905 bourgeois democratic revolution and October 1917 after the socialist revolution. His early exploration of creative methods opened the way for him to climb the artistic peak in the future. From