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传统单一功能的城市雨水管理方式在大力倡导可持续发展的今天越来越受到挑战和质疑,“海绵城市”的提出更是在我国更新了雨洪管理的概念。城市地表水的处理需要多目标的综合性方法,在城市规划框架内利用景观基础设施改进雨水处理方法正成为新的发展趋势——景观基础设施与城市管网系统协同作用以减少暴雨径流、增加生物多样性并且提升社会文化(公众健康)价值。该文以巴西南里奥格兰德州为例,介绍了如何运用Arc GIS和暴雨洪水管理模型对城市空间布局和景观构成进行分析,并且针对不同空间尺度、规划设计城市绿色、蓝色和灰色空间网络,同时展示了空间系统分析、分层级设计和降水-径流建模的结合在城市规划、可持续雨洪管理实践以及生态系统服务过程中的重要作用。
The traditional single-function urban rainwater management is more and more challenged and questioned today in advocating sustainable development. The concept of “sponge city” is updated in our country. The treatment of urban surface water requires a multi-objective, integrated approach and the use of landscape infrastructure to improve stormwater treatment within the framework of urban planning is becoming a new trend - landscape infrastructure and urban pipe network systems work together to reduce storm runoff and increase Biodiversity and enhance socio-cultural (public health) values. Taking Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil as an example, this paper introduces how ArcGIS and storm flood management model can be used to analyze urban spatial layout and landscape composition. For different spatial scales, planning and design of urban green, blue and gray spatial networks , And also demonstrates the important role of the combination of spatial systems analysis, hierarchical design and precipitation-runoff modeling in urban planning, sustainable stormwater management practices, and ecosystem services.