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集体所有制经济或称合作社经济,是我国社会主义历史阶段国民经济中的重要经济成分之一。这种经济的存在、巩固和发展,已在我国宪法中予以肯定。宪法规定:“中华人民共和国的生产资料所有制现阶段主要有两种:社会主义全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制”。“国家保障社会主义全民所有制经济和社会主义劳动群众集体所有制经济的巩固和发展”。但是,由于林彪、“四人帮”十多年极左路线的干扰破坏,搞乱了这一正确理论,搞乱了人们的思想。加上我们某些同志旧的传统观念和小生产习惯势力的影响,同时也由于我们理论宣传和实践指导不够全面、准确,使城市集体经济发展过于集中,“过渡”特快,社会上也给集体经济一种舆论压力,不少人歧视集体经济,认为集体经济“可有可无”。究其原因,主要是对集体经济的性质和地位的认识受着某种局限。因此,正确认识城市集体经济的性质及其地位是十分必要的。下面,我们就这个问题谈点粗浅的看法。
The collective ownership economy or the cooperative economy is one of the important economic components of the national economy in the historical period of our socialism. The existence, consolidation and development of such an economy have been affirmed in our country’s constitution. The Constitution stipulates: “There are basically two main stages of the present production of the means of production in the People’s Republic of China: socialist ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working masses.” “The state guarantees the socialistic ownership of the socialist economy and the consolidation and development of the collective-owned economy by the socialist working people.” However, due to the interference and destruction caused by Lin Piao and the “gang of four” for more than 10 years on the ultra-leftist line, the correct theory was disrupted and the people’s thinking was disrupted. Coupled with the influence of some of our old traditional concepts and small-scale production habits, as well as the fact that our theoretical propaganda and practical guidance are not comprehensive and accurate so that urban collective economic development will be overly concentrated, the “transition” will be expedited and the community will be given collective Economic pressure of public opinion, many people discriminate against the collective economy, that the collective economy “dispensable.” The reason is mainly due to some limitations on the understanding of the nature and status of the collective economy. Therefore, it is very necessary to correctly understand the nature and status of urban collective economy. Next, we talk about this issue shallow point of view.