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20世纪初罢工成为工人运动在政治和组织上自我认同的核心。俄国1905年革命之后,在革命方法及总罢工经验对于西欧国家是否适用的问题上,第二国际内部发生了意见分歧,形成了左中右三派,其中中派力量以奥地利马克思主义为代表,把暴力革命当作“防御性”手段,把议会斗争推向工人运动前台的思潮甚嚣尘上。但是,奥地利马克思主义理论团体的瓦解以及社会民主党政治实践的彻底失败告诉我们:偏离马克思主义本真意涵的所谓“中间道路”是根本行不通的。
The strike in the early 20th century became the core of the workers’ movement’s political and organizational self-identity. After the 1905 revolution in Russia, there were differences of opinion within the Second International on the question of the applicability of revolutionary methods and general strike experience to Western European countries, forming the three parties to the left, middle and right. Among them, the centrist forces represented by Austrian Marxism, Think of the violent revolution as a “defensive” measure and the trend of thinking that pushes the parliamentary struggle into the forefront of the workers’ movement is rampant. However, the collapse of the Austrian Marxist theoretical body and the complete failure of the Social-Democratic political practice tell us that the so-called “middle way” that deviates from the true meaning of Marxism simply does not work.