目的 :探讨碘缺乏 (ID)和环境香烟烟雾 (ETS)对大鼠甲状腺的联合作用。方法 :采用双因素析因实验设计 ,通过建立实验模型 ,研究 ID和 ETS联合作用对大鼠甲状腺抗氧化能力、微量元素、超微结构等的影响。结果 :实验 6周后 ,ID和 ETS对甲状腺相对重量和抗氧化能力下降 ,以及 Cu、Zn、Se含量的降低均有明显交互作用 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,具有协同效应 ,其甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞病理性改变比单纯接触 ETS所引起的变化更为明显 ;ETS因素还可使甲状腺中 L i含量增高 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :ID和 ETS均可对大鼠甲状腺造成损伤 ,且有协同作用 ;在碘营养不良时 ,ETS接触可加重甲状腺的损害。结果提示在碘缺乏病的防治工作中 ,控制吸烟是值得考虑的措施 Objective: To investigate the combined effect of iodine deficiency (ID) and environmental cigarette smoke (ETS) on thyroid in rats. Methods: The two-factorial factorial design was used to study the effect of combined action of ID and ETS on antioxidant capacity, trace elements and ultrastructure of thyroid in rats. Results: Six weeks after the experiment, ID and ETS had a significant interaction (P <0.05) on the reduction of thyroid relative weight, antioxidant capacity and Cu, Zn and Se contents, with synergistic effect. The thyroid gland filtration rate The pathological changes of the epithelial cells were more obvious than that caused by ETS alone. ETS also increased the L i in thyroid (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Both ID and ETS can cause damage to the thyroid in rats and have a synergistic effect. In iodine malnutrition, ETS exposure may aggravate thyroid damage. The results suggest that in the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders, smoking control is worth considering measures