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与古典犬儒主义基于既定道德信仰与道德追求不同,现代犬儒主义弥散着道德虚无主义与利己主义,展现为消解幸福追求、秉承道德虚无、坚守抽离立场。由于其泯灭向善之心、践行道德伪善、拒绝成人之善,是现代社会建构道德理念和主流价值观念的主要障碍。道德教育可以在三个方面应对现代犬儒主义的影响,即建构精神支点,排解生存焦虑,以重构追求幸福生活的信心;培养独立人格和批判精神,增强道德勇气,弱化道德虚无倾向;合理利用道德教化和惩戒,重构道德信仰,重建道德热情。
Unlike classical cynicism, which is based on established moral beliefs and moral pursuits, modern cynicism pervades moral nihilism and egoism, demonstrates its pursuit of digestion and happiness, adheres to morals and maintains its position of withdrawal. Because of its devoid of goodwill, practicing moral hypocrisy and rejecting the goodness of adults are the major obstacles to the construction of moral concepts and mainstream values in modern society. Moral education can respond to the influence of modern cynicism in three aspects: constructing the fulcrum of the spirit, resolving the anxiety of existence and reconstructing the confidence of pursuing a happy life; cultivating independent personality and critical spirit, enhancing moral courage, weakening the tendency of morals; using reasonably Moralizing and disciplining, reconstructing moral beliefs and rebuilding moral enthusiasm.