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我国中小学考试正处于相当混乱的状况,其原因之一是较长时间以来关于考试与素质发展的关系存在着以下认识误区:不恰当地套用二元对立的思维方式;对考试与素质发展之性质的误解;将局部当作整体;片面地或过高地看待考试的功能。考试与素质发展既有着重要的实质性联系,又有着重要区分,它们之间的关系可概括为局部现实与完满理想的张力关系。基于这种张力关系的考试体系构建的基本思路包括:确立全景发展的理想;充分考虑考试体系构建的有效性;关注和把握考试的局限性。
One of the reasons why primary and secondary school exams in our country are in a quite chaotic state is that there are some misunderstandings about the relationship between examinations and the development of quality over a long period of time: inappropriately applying the dualistic and opposite thinking mode; and the examination and quality development Misunderstandings of nature; taking local as a whole; examining exam functions one-sidedly or exorbitantly. There are important substantive and qualitative distinctions between the examination and the development of qualities. The relationship between them can be summarized as the tension between the partial reality and the perfect one. The basic idea of the construction of the examination system based on this tension relationship includes: establishing the ideal of panoramic development; fully considering the validity of the examination system construction; paying attention to and grasping the limitations of the examination.