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微距光谱分束是红外领域小型双波段成像系统的关键技术之一.利用菲涅耳衍射理论和角谱理论,研究了双波长和宽角度入射光场通过阶梯光栅在分数泰伯距离下的衍射特性.建立了基于阶梯光栅的双探测阵列成像模型,数值模拟了入射波长分别为4 μm和4.5 μm的光束在-30°~30°入射角度范围的光栅分束结果,获取了探测面上的发光强度、能量和信噪比等参数值.此文的研究成果可为构建微型双波段成像装置及设计精密光谱分束器件提供理论支持.“,”Micro-distance spectra splitting is a key technology for compact dual-band imaging system in infrared field. Utilizing the Fresnel diffraction theory and angular spectrum theory, the diffractive properties of dual-wavelength and wide angle light passing through stepped phase grating in fractional Talbot distance were theoretically investigated. A typical scheme of imaging structure based on dual-array detection pixels was set up, where two light beams with different wavelength incidented after passing through the stepped phase grating. The numerical simulation shows the splitting results of incident light of 4 μm and 4.5 μm wavelength with -30° to 30° angle, including the distribution of luminous intensity, energy and signal-to-noise ratio on dual-array detection pixels. Our results are beneficial not only for designing the compact dual-band optical imaging structure, but also for building up precision spectral separating component.