肾小管酸中毒(renal tubule acidosis RTA)是一种较少见的疾病。Lightwood于1936年首次报告。国内自1958年董氏报告以来,RTA病例逐年增多。由于RTA临床表现复杂,常易误诊,使病者得不到及时治疗而发生严重并发症。及时诊断,坚持治疗,则病情可以控制,且预后良好。在慢性肝病者中,RTA极为常见。本文对慢性肝病者RTA的发病率、发病机制、临床表现、诊断与治疗作一综述,以引起临床医师重视。 Renal tubule acidosis (RTA) is a rare disease. Lightwood first reported in 1936. Domestic since the 1958 Dong’s report, RTA cases have increased year by year. Due to the complex clinical manifestations of RTA, often misdiagnosed, so that patients can not get timely treatment of serious complications. Timely diagnosis, adhere to the treatment, the disease can be controlled, and the prognosis is good. In chronic liver disease, RTA is extremely common. This article reviews the incidence, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of RTA in patients with chronic liver disease in order to arouse the attention of clinicians.