采用固定化脂肪酶Novozym435催化油酸与甲醇进行甲酯化反应合成生物柴油。通过考察固定化酶的催化反应进程,确定脂肪酶催化酯化反应的基本规律,并通过研究酶的用量、反应时间、催化介质有机溶剂、底物甲醇的抑制、水分的抑制和两种底物酸/醇摩尔比等因素对酯化过程的影响,得到酯化工艺的最佳条件是:在石油醚体系中,4%wt固定化脂酶,温度为40℃,油酸与甲醇摩尔比为1∶1.5,甲醇分3次流加,反应时间为24h,酯化率可以达到95%。催化剂循环使用5次,仍具有90%的转化率。酯化后产物经气质联用仪分析,脂肪酸甲酯的纯度可达到96%。 The immobilized lipase Novozym435 was used to catalyze methyl esterification of oleic acid and methanol to synthesize biodiesel. By examining the progress of the immobilized enzyme catalyzed reaction, the basic law of the lipase-catalyzed esterification reaction was determined. The effects of enzyme dosage, reaction time, catalytic organic solvent, substrate methanol inhibition, Acid / alcohol molar ratio and other factors on the esterification process, the esterification process obtained the best conditions are: petroleum ether system, 4% wt immobilized lipase, the temperature is 40 ℃, the molar ratio of oleic acid and methanol is 1: 1.5, 3 minutes methanol flow, the reaction time was 24h, esterification rate can reach 95%. The catalyst was recycled five times and still had a 90% conversion. Esterified products were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the purity of fatty acid methyl ester can reach 96%.