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鹰猎文化属于极具特色的民俗,历史上不仅可以为人们提供食物来源,也是可供娱乐的活动。然而,鹰猎文化在历史上的地位也随着时代的不同逐渐变化,这一点在史书记载中可见一斑。特别是辽代之后,随着少数民族政权逐渐入主中原,鹰猎甚至有了一定的政治色彩。在如今的吉林省仍有满族鹰猎文化的完整保留地。本文意在通过对古文献中提及鹰猎的记载,对鹰猎文化进行一定程度的分期,并归纳整理出鹰猎文化特别是传承至今鹰猎文化的嬗变。
Hawk hunting culture is a distinctive folk, history can not only provide people with food sources, but also for entertainment activities. However, the historical position of Falconry hunting culture also gradually changes with the times, which can be seen in historical records. Especially after the Liao Dynasty, with the gradual entry of ethnic minorities into the Central Plains, falconry even had some political overtones. There is still a complete reserve of the Manchu Eagle culture in today’s Jilin Province. This article intends to stage a certain degree of eagle-hunting culture by referring to the records of falconry in the ancient literature and summarizes the evolution of falconry culture, especially the evolution of falconry culture.