本文以冯友兰不同时期的孔子观为例,探讨儒学在近现代中国的曲折命运。在儒学逐渐滑落的近代,冯先生对孔子进行了理性公允的评价。在孔子儒家的地位每况愈下的五六十年代,冯先生仍在力所能及的范围内为孔子儒学做一些辩护。“文革”时期,孔子儒学被批得体无完肤,冯先生不得不做出一些违心之论。“文革”结束后,孔子儒学得到了充分的发展,冯先生也对自己的孔子观做了反思与总结。冯先生孔子观的变迁正代表了儒学在近现代中国走过的这样一个由逐渐消沉到被打倒在地,最终又更新发展起来的历程。 This paper takes Feng Youlan’s different viewpoints of Confucius as examples to discuss the twists and turns of Confucianism in modern China. In the modern times when Confucianism gradually slipped, Mr. Fung conducted a rational and fair evaluation of Confucius. In the 1950s and the 1960s, Confucianism’s status was deteriorating. Mr. Fung still tried to defend Confucianism to the best of his ability. During the “Cultural Revolution”, Confucianism was criticized for being infamous. Mr. Fung had to make some contradictions. After the “Cultural Revolution” ended, Confucianism in Confucius was fully developed, and Mr. Feng also made his own reflection and conclusion on Confucianism. The change of Mr FUNG’s view of Confucius represents a process that Confucianism has taken in recent modern China and has finally been renewed and developed from a gradual depression to a downfall.