目的　利用单光子发射型计算机断层摄影术 (SPECT)体积积分法估测甲状腺重量 ,为甲状腺功能亢进症 (简称甲亢 )患者的放射治疗提供精确的甲状腺重量。方法　对 39个甲状腺实验模型及 74例甲亢患者分别采用SPECT体积积分法及平面成像法估测甲状腺重量。在甲状腺实验模型组 ,将 2种方法估测的甲状腺重量分别与实验模型实际重量比较 ;在甲亢患者组 ,将 2种方法估测的甲状腺重量进行比较。结果　在甲状腺实验模型组 ,SPECT体积积分法估测的甲状腺重量与实验模型实际重量差异无统计学意义 (P均 >0 .0 5 ) ;而平面成像法估测的甲状腺重量与实验模型实际重量之间差异有统计学意义 (P 均 <0 .0 0 1)。在甲亢患者组 ,SPECT体积积分法估测的甲状腺重量(38.78± 8.6 5 ) g小于平面成像法估测的甲状腺重量 [(4 4 .90± 10 .5 7) g ,P <0 .0 0 1]。结论　SPECT体积积分法可准确估测甲状腺重量 ,这一方法能提高甲亢治愈率 ,减少甲亢放疗后甲状腺功能低下发生率 Objective To estimate the weight of thyroid gland by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) volumetric integration and to provide accurate thyroid weight for radiotherapy of patients with hyperthyroidism. Methods Thyroid weight was estimated by SPECT volume integral and planar imaging in 39 thyroid experimental models and 74 cases of hyperthyroidism. In the thyroid experimental model group, the thyroid weights estimated by the two methods were respectively compared with the actual weights of the experimental model; in the hyperthyroid group, the thyroid weights estimated by the two methods were compared. Results There was no significant difference between the thyroid weight and the actual weight of the experimental model in the thyroid experimental group and the SPECT volume integral method (P> 0.05), while the thyroid weight estimated by the planar imaging method and the experimental model actual weight The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). In patients with hyperthyroidism, the thyroid weight (38.78 ± 8.65) g estimated by the SPECT volume integration method was less than the thyroid weight estimated by the planar imaging method [(44.990 ± 10.57) g, P <0.0 1]. Conclusion SPECT volume integral method can accurately estimate thyroid weight, this method can improve the cure rate of hyperthyroidism and reduce the incidence of thyroid hypothyroidism after radiotherapy