Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of refractory digestive disease in clinic characterized by high prevalence, complex and recurrent symptoms. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a significant effect on the treatment of GERD. Spleen deficiency and damp-heat syndrome becomes one of the main syndrome patterns of GERD adapting with the changes of modern lifestyle. Although the therapy of strengthening the spleen, clearing heat and dampness is widely used in treatment of GERD, further studies still need to be conducted. The article comprehensively analyses the theoretical basis, mechanism and clinical efficacy of the therapy in order to provide more ideas for clinical treatment.