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长期以来,通货膨胀问题在苏联的经济学研究中一直是一个禁区。通货膨胀被认为是市场经济的典型病症,而在社会主义计划经济中是根本不存在的。然而,自70年代以来,苏联经济发展中通货膨胀的压力开始出现,而且越来越大。但由于苏联实行的是传统的计划经济体制,其特征之一就是强调计划和固定价格在经济调控中的绝对主导地位,因而,不同于市场经济国家公开地通过物价大幅度上涨表现出来的通货膨胀,而是主要表现为抑制型,其特征就是因商品短缺而造成的未能满足的需求以结余购买力形式出现,形成强制储蓄、商店里排长队、黑市交易盛行等等。
For a long time, inflation has always been a forbidden zone in the economic studies of the Soviet Union. Inflation is considered as a typical symptom of a market economy, but it simply does not exist in a socialist planned economy. However, since the 1970s, the pressure of inflation in the economic development of the Soviet Union began to appear, and more and more. However, since the Soviet Union practiced the traditional planned economy, one of the characteristics of the Soviet Union was that it emphasized the absolute dominance of planning and fixed prices in economic regulation and control. Therefore, inflation unlike the open market performance of the market economy through a sharp increase in prices , But mainly in the form of depression. It is characterized by unsatisfied demand arising from shortages of goods in the form of surplus purchasing power, formation of compulsory savings, long lines in shops, prevalence of black market transactions, and the like.