司马迁是中国史学的奠基者,对后世史学影响极大。梁启超说:“史界太祖,端推司马迁”。“见盛观衰”、“承敝易变”是司马迁考察历史的重要方法,史学著作能给政治家以智慧以启迪,这两点是需要特别强调的。司马迁在《报任安书》和《太史公自序》中说,他写《史记》,目的在于“述往事,思来者”;他要“网罗天下放失旧闻,考之行事,稽其成败兴坏之理”。这 Sima Qian is the founder of Chinese history, great influence on later history. Liang Qichao said: “The history of the Taizu, Sima end push”. “See full view of decline ”, “bearing easy to change ” is Sima Qian inspected the history of an important method, historians can give politicians with wisdom to enlighten, these two points need to be especially emphasized. Sima Qian said in his newspaper An Anshu and Taishishi Gong’s Preface that he wrote Records of the Historian with the purpose of “describing the past and thinking of him.” He wanted to “ Success or failure of the reason ”. This