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目的探讨儿童甲型H1N1流感的临床特点。方法采用回顾性方法分析我院2009年收治的69例甲型H1N1流感儿童患者的临床资料。结果儿童甲型H1N1流感的潜伏期约为1～7d,主要表现为发热、咳嗽、咽红和扁桃体肿大,实验室检查可见白细胞和淋巴细胞减少,胸片可正常,重症者可出现肺炎。结论对于出现流感样症状、淋巴细胞减少的患儿,应高度怀疑甲型H1N1流感,结合流行病学和病毒学检查可确定诊断。多数患儿经积极救治后预后良好,如延误治疗可危及生命。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of children with influenza A (H1N1). Methods The retrospective method was used to analyze the clinical data of 69 children with influenza A (H1N1) admitted to our hospital in 2009. Results The latent period of influenza A (H1N1) in children was about 1 ~ 7 days. The main manifestations were fever, cough, throat redness and tonsil enlargement. Laboratory tests showed that white blood cells and lymphocytes were reduced, and chest radiographs could be normal. Severe pneumonia could occur. Conclusions For children with flu-like symptoms and lymphopenia, influenza A (H1N1) should be highly suspected. Combined with epidemiological and virological examination, the diagnosis should be confirmed. The majority of children with good prognosis after active treatment, such as delay in treatment can be life-threatening.